Texture gun air pressure. 4 out of 5 stars 604 Pole Gun – 3 ft (1m) with threaded hose connection Not for use with RTX model sprayers 238080: Flex Head Gun with threaded hose connection Not for use with RTX model sprayers 235490: 1030 FC / 10:1 President Air Spray Gun: 246468: Mark IV Flex Plus Gun: 241705: Mark V/5900 HD/7900 HD Texture Gun: 248094: EXT Air Spray Trigger Gun with Feb 2, 2019 · Here’s an example of a small spray gun, the Neiko 31215A spray paint gun which is rated at an average consumption of 4. Model: 24S134, 24S135, 24S155 non-bleeder, use with RTX Texture Sprayers 125 psi (8. 0mm, 6. 1 Texture Sprayer Hopper Gun. Number of Spray Settings. Step 3: Disconnect spray gun from air hose. 7 to 76. 58 Gallon Drywall Wall Painting Sprayer with 3 Nozzles (4. Holds either Homax texture, or a variety of other manufacturers’ texture material. The exact air pressure that you should use will depend on the type of paint you are using, as well as the size and type of nozzle on your spray gun. Operates off a compressor, 2 hp or larger (min. The last adjustment to make is with the air flow at the gun. This Wal-Board Tools Texture-Pro 200 Hopper Gun comes with 3 spray tips. Spray acoustics, drywall, glitter, waterproofing and other gravity flow materials. with Tank Tvpe Compressors. All other guns will damage sprayer. Sprays If you’re planning on doing any kind of texturing work, then you’re going to need a good air compressor. Tips for spraying knockdown are generally bigger than for spraying other types of texture. Find A Distributor. Personally, I spray at about 17 psi when spraying the base coat and 20-25 for the clear HILTEX 31229 Air Texture Gun with 1. You can use texture spray to add definition and design to your ceilings and walls. For water-Based Materials Only. 0mm) Air Texture Gun for Walls,Ceiling,Stucco Mud,Knockdow,Spray Gun. Apr 28, 2023 · You attach it to an air compressor, pour the mixed wall texture into the hopper, and then squeeze the trigger to release the spray. View Full Product Details. FREE delivery Mon, May 20 on $35 of items shipped by Amazon. D. Some texture guns require more pressure air than others. It is easier to remove plug if you first trigger gun. Includes an air shut off valve and 1/4 quick Pressure Relief Valve. 5 Gallon Hopper Includes 3 Nozzles (4. Guns are used on the RTX 1500, TexFinish 1500, GTX 2000, Compact HP and EXP Twin Tank Units. (a) (b) (c) A B C D (d) Note: Your Pneumatic Gun comes with a proprietary, HP-HVLP aluminum quick-disconnect fitting which works with either a female HP quick-disconnect or a 3/4” HVLP quick-disconnect coupler. May 3, 2017 · HILTEX 31229 Air Texture Gun with 1. Texture Sprayer Gun. Oct 12, 2017 · Goplus 1. To avoid an orange peel texture when spray painting, it is important to use the right air pressure. 3 nozzle Download this manual. 00. Interior/Exterior. 8 Oct 12, 2017 · About this item Improved soft grip trigger, easily adjustable with dial settings, hang hook The MARSHALLTOWN SharpShooter 2. Model: 24S134, 24S135, 24S155 non-bleeder, use with RTX Texture Sprayers. Requirements: 4-10 cfm @60psi. Remove hopper from gun and finish cleaning all components. 1-1/2-gallon plastic hopper with die cast metal gun. 045: Maximum Tip Size 1 Gun (in) 0. Designed with a wide mouth, screw-on lid that helps prevent spillage when filling. If you already have an air compressor, I would buy the hopper gun. Jan 1, 2003 · The air pressure that starts out as a shout at the air source is barely a whisper by the time it enters the spray gun, usually resulting in a poor finish. 6 bar, 0. Quick nozzle changes with extra-coarse gun head threads. The hose shouldn't leak when the gun is disconnected. 2 PSI settings help spray knockdown and orange peel from one tip. 79 Gallon (3 L) Elbow Texture Drywall Sprayer,Air Hopper Spray Guns Paint with 1. Nav Menu 2. TexSpray RTX. But what size air compressor for texture gun do you need? The answer really depends on the specific texture gun you’re using. 0mm Nozzle Paint Texture Drywall Painting Sprayer, Yellow, 0. Performance Features. Turning the air flow down keeps from atomizing the droplets too small which you would want for an orange peel texture. Increase the number of jobs completed. 7mm (1. Maximum Working Air Pressure: 45 psi (3. 0mm, 8. This will allow the oil to lubricate the O-rings on the Air Stem and remove any texture material that may have gotten into the Air Stem during cleaning. Stand about three to four feet away from the wall you intend to spray. Sandpaper; Paint Air Spray Heavy-Duty Trigger Gun. Knurled knobs let you adjust the orifice plate without wrenches and a tight-sealing flow shutoff prevents leakage. The texture spray applications include popcorn ceilings, stucco mud on Number 1 selling texture guns on the market www. Sep 22, 2021 · At American Spray Technologies, you can easily find a drywall sprayer matching your needs and requirements. Marshalltown. May get clogged. Drain remaining material into a bucket until most of the texture material is out of hopper. 0mm, Air Hopper Spray Gun, Perfect for Orange Peel, Stucco Mud, Knockdown, Popcorn Ceiling 4. Turn on compressor and set pressure at 25 - 35 psi. We chose the Stanley G13301 Pattern Pistol Gun and Hopper because it would spray a knock-down pattern. 0mm/8. Step 1: Turn air compressor ON/OFF switch to the OFF position. Bleeder type paint guns and texture guns are designed so they can also be used with the little tankless air compressors. 3- Pressure-Feed Hopper Guns: Pressure-feed hopper guns are the most powerful type of hopper gun and use pressurized air to atomize the paint from the gun itself. 2 m) Hose, 3/8 in x 50 ft BlueMax II Airless Hose, 1/4 in x 3 ft BlueMax II Airless Whip Hose, RAC X LTX 643 Spray Tip, RAC X Guard, Fine Finish Kit with 1/8 in, 1/4 in, 5/16 in, 3/8 in Nozzles, 55 gal Suction Set Goplus 1. In general, a good starting point for air pressure when spray painting is about 29-40 PSI (pounds Jun 8, 2022 · Adjust the air flow. 0mm, Drywall Texture Sprayer for Stucco Mud or Popcorn on Walls and Ceiling, Knockdown, Spray Gun with Handle 4. 9. My main concern would be the fact that you only have 5 psi Feb 9, 2003 · I bought a hopper gun (to use with an air compressor) from Home Depot. Mar 11, 2022 · Add the texture mix to the hopper. Air Compressor: You’ll need this to power the texture sprayer if you are using one. Minimum operating pressure (psi) 20. Air Shut-Off Valve The Kraft model (PC300) and (PC301) are supplied with an air shut-off valve at the rear the gun. The easy way to do this is to open your hand Inline Heavy-Duty Texture Gun, RAC X LTX 531 Spray Tip, RAC X LTX 541 Spray Tip, RAC X Guard, 1/2 in x 50 ft BlueMax II Airless Hose, 3/8 in x 11 ft 10 in Airless Whip Hose: Maximum Flow Rate (GPM) 2. This allows for even greater coating coverage with heavier Adjust air pressure starting at 30-40 psi. 58 Gallon (6 L) Straight Disconnect air line from gun. In this blog, our team at American Spray Technologies has some suggestions about applying a The air flow at the gun is adjusted by the ball valve-air line coupler (15). The EZ-PRO TEXTURE professional texture sprayer operates with a compressed air hose that can be any length. 5. 59. Fill the Hopper of your TEXTURE-PRO® 200 2/3 to 3/4 full with texture material. Use minimum amount of air at spray gun to achieve proper spray pattern and to minimize bounce back. It’s important to hold the gun at the same distance from the target for each burst. 039: Maximum Working Pressure (MPa) 22. 0mm Nozzle Paint Texture , White, 1. Remove hopper from gun and finish cleaning all compo- nents. Nov 4, 2008 · Continue increasing the air pressure in increments of 5 or 10 psi and spraying short bursts. Longer Spray Time. Built with a broad feature set for both interior and exterior work, these sprayers perform. 45 Gallon Air Texture Gun, Drywall Texture Sprayer with 3 Nozzle 4. Picture of a texture spray gun used for orange peel. The gun features a handy This item is an ideal tool for applying texture to walls and ceilings. Orange peel texture is applied using small droplets of mud. Get and use a larger I. Press the trigger and begin to spray. Impact the time on the job. Pump heavy mud mixes and larger aggregate with oversized fluid passages. Furniture and Cabinets. Flush until gun is clean. Interior. 32 gallon or 5 L capacity hopper included, this texture gun surpasses other spray guns with its ability to continuously operate without interruption. 58 Gallon (6 L) Straight Aug 7, 2023 · A pressure setting of 2000-2500 PSI is typically effective for most exterior painting tasks. Texture-Pro 200 Hopper Gun Sprayer with 3 Spray Tips. Second, are units that independently deliver texture material The Hi-Craft® Texture Gun & Hopper can be used with Kraft’s Standard Texture Compressor Oct 15, 2016 · Get real DIY tips on, how to spray texture drywall. 1-ft Stucco Hopper Gun. Error: Unknown Link Type. The Air Spray Trigger Gun is ideal for residential interior refinishing and repairs, new-construction finishing projects and light commercial jobs. Allows the user to mix their own texture. Pros and Cons. Once you start spraying, do not stop until the space is completely covered. California Air Tools 10020C Ultra Quiet Oil-Free and Powerful Air Compressor. Maximum Operating Pressure (PSI) 70 PSI. Overlap around 50% on each pass. 5. 999. (167) Questions & Answers (8) Ideal for smaller patch and repair texture jobs. Watch DIY Bri as he transforms his garage to an at home shop. 4. HILTEX 31229 Air Texture Gun with 1. 9 bar) Important Safety Instructions Read all warnings and instructions in this manual. May 15, 2012 · These texture guns are perfect for spray painting and staining on furniture such as cabinets. Less air keeps the texture bigger. For example, if you spray with AST Round Tips, 5/16″ to 7/16 Nov 23, 2023 · HVLP spray guns operate on the principle of low pressure, which means they rely on a controlled airflow to atomize the paint. Aim gun into waste bucket and trigger the gun until all air and material pressure is relieved. Durable, compact, and lightweight design enables convenient use. Yes. The bigger droplets of texture can then be knocked down to create the final effect. With a 1. And pressure of 25 to 30 lbs. Related Manuals: 310645 Repair ti4305a RTX 1500 EN RTX Number 1 selling texture guns on the market www. Mar 9, 2015 · About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright The HILTEX air texture sprayer is a must-have spray gun for texturizing walls and ceilings for all your projects. For overhead applications and high walls, position the hopper on the gun with the material fill opening HILTEX 31229 Air Texture Gun with 1. 0 HP Big Bore Air Compressor. Under continuous spraying with the texture gun, this type of air compressor will hold 70 psi for the first 10 minutes and then stabilize at 50 psi (continuous). There are tons of hopper guns to choose from, so look for the features that best fit your needs. 0mm, Air Hopper Spray Gun, Perfect for Orange Peel, Stucco Mud, Knockdown, Popcorn Ceiling dummy Joywayus Drywall Painting Sprayer Air Hopper Spray Gun with 4. Jun 17, 2014 · Product Description. Take your time and apply multiple thin coats for a smooth finish. The downside to gasoline-powered sprayers includes exhaust emissions, noise, heat, fuel requirement and periodic engine maintenance. 8 The PSI (pounds per square inch) rating of the air compressor is also important as this rating indicates the maximum pressure that the compressor can produce which is necessary to atomize the texture material properly. Install spray nozzle, page 7. It also happens to be one of the easiest texture sprayers on the market to clean, hands down. 75 Gal. Attach the spray nozzle to the gun—a Heavy-Duty Blue Texture Gun, RAC X LTX 427 Spray Tip, RAC X LTX 531 Spray Tip, RAC X Guard, 3/8 in x 50 ft BlueMax II Airless Hose, 1/4 in x 3 ft BlueMax II Airless Whip Hose: Maximum Flow Rate (GPM) 1. Turn compressor ON. Bigger tips spray bigger texture that can be knocked down after it is on the wall. Graco Genuine OEM part 287229 Air Valve Repair Kit for the TexSpray 248091, 248093, 248094 and 248903 Texture Guns. 039: Maximum Tip Size 1 Gun (in) 0. On/off valve. Warning: Do not adjust pressure to exceed 70 psi. Adjust the nozzle to the correct air pressure and the kind of texture you want. Join Prime to buy this item at $30. 045: Maximum Working Pressure (MPa) 22. of material. ceiling repair. Sprays acoustic, drywall, water proofing, pool deck sealant, stucco and similar construction materials. (See Figure #5) (C). Open air valve. . hose. 3mm, 1. Orange Peel Wall Texture Spray Tips: Position your texture spray gun approximately 3 feet from the surface you are spraying. Remove nozzle from gun and allow water to flow through and out of gun. The stucco gun spec called for a minimum 1/2″ hose. For furniture and cabinets, an HVLP paint sprayer set to 8-10 PSI should yield excellent results. Learn more about wall texture spray, sprayers and parts at Lowes. 2 cfm @ 40 psi, 6. Start your compressor and allow the tank to fill and compressor to shut off. Texture sprayer or hopper gun kit: This tool can help you apply the knockdown texture to your walls. Anyone can easily use this product at home. 9 bar, 6. Paint Sprayer Type. Apr 20, 2018 · When it comes to spraying texture there are essentially 3 primary texture spraying unit equipment options. 1 bar) Maximum Working Fluid Pressure: 100 psi (6. 0mm also available) CFM: 4. I havent heard anyone using a airless sprayer for texturing. Graco’s family of TexSpray RTX Texture Sprayers is ideal for contractors who specialize in anything from residential and remodel contracting to large-scale commercial contracting. Inside work typically is completed with electric units Apr 29, 2023 · Knockdown texture mix is available at most home improvement and hardware stores. This gun comes in two pieces. 8. Jan 20, 2019 · If you are using a small compressor to supply a stucco gun, you need to make sure the air volume to the gun is according to the gun’s spec. 0mm Nozzle Paint Texture, White, 1. As a result, I had problems with the viscosity of the stucco Hiltex 31229 – Best Pneumatic Air Texture Spray Gun. Separate Pump/Gun Air Controls. Fill hopper with clean water. First is air powered texture sprayer which uses a small electric compressor to provide air to atomize and depending on your texture sprayer model pressurize the material hopper. Sharpshooter 2. Read page 4 of our customer reviews for more information on the EZ Air Texture Gun, 1. 3 nozzle Sep 25, 2020 · STEP 3: Assemble the gun. Mar 12, 2008 · The coupler and the gun tip are separate. Product Weight Mar 11, 2022 · Add the Mix. For overhead applications and high walls, position the hopper on the gun with the material fill open- ing facing toward the nozzle (front) of the gun. Case Included, Spray Gun Tip Included. Hold gun 18 to 30 in. Makes texture applications simpler than ever before. Want the consistency of thick paint. Adjusting the air pressure is a fundamental step in achieving the desired spray pattern and finish. Jun 13, 2020 · This Husky Drywall Texture Hopper Gun comes with 3 spray tips. If you are applying a knockdown texture, a texture spraying machine allows you to adjust for heavier or lighter textures so you can get the exact look that you want. The gun itself and the actual hopper. 3 out of 5 stars 2,656 MaxLife Endurance High-Pressure Pump, Trigger Gun Applicator, Heavy-Duty Blue Texture Gun, 3/4 in x 50 ft (15. 32 Gallon (5 Liter) hopper cup included, this air spray gun uses an air compressor with a ¼” NPT (7 cfm air consumption) and has longer lasting capacity to continuously paint without interruption. 58 Gallon (6 L) Straight Texture Spray Gun For water-Based Materials Only. Nozzle size: 1. Connect compressor air hose to gun. 1 is specially formulated nylon gun has seven orifice sizes with a tubular design for reduced overspray and greater texture variety. Reattach the air hose from your air compressor and pull the trigger on the hopper gun allowing air to flow through the hopper gun for 10-15 seconds. Sep 22, 2021 · An advantage of using an AST big rig texture sprayer or Kodiak M2 is the ability to fine-tune the texture you are putting on the wall. (LVLP) Air Pressure Setting (Low Volume Low Pressure) 10-15 psi when the trigger is pulled for the base coat is what most say to set your gun at. Best of all, it only takes an ounce of water to clean the gun when you finish your project. The amount of pressure needed to spray texture depends on the type and size of texture you are spraying, as well as the type and size of your texture gun. To maintain a consistent pattern as mud pressure reduces, the compressed air valve has to be adjusted accordingly so that the droplet size remains consistent. Repair Kit For Sharpshooter 1 Hopper Gun. 2. It works with most gravity-fed texture materials. DIY Bri shows you how to texture walls & ceilings using a hopper spray gun. Put the well-mixed textured compound into the hopper of the texture spray gun. 86 MPa) Maximum Air/Fluid Working Pressure. 86 MPa) Maximum Air Working Pressure 1000 psi (68. 3 out of 5 stars 2,658 Jun 3, 2010 · Step 4 - Apply Texture. They only had two kinds and they were very similar. 86 MPa) Maximum Air/Fluid Working 5. For orange peel I usually adjust the trigger pull for my hopper gun to between just 1/4 to 1/3. For small to medium interior construction projects, choosing the right air compressor and texture hopper gun can: Improve texture consistency. Texture. 0mm) for Stucco Mud or Popcorn on Walls and Ceiling If using the texture gun for the first time, we suggest experimenting different set ups changing the trigger pressure and pneumatic pressure, depending upon the material and pattern needed. $3399. 7cfm @25 psi). The EZ-PRO TEXTURE Sprayer is fast becoming the GO-TO sprayer for your smaller patch and repair texture jobs. Step 4: Open pressure relief valve on gun by pressing button (pressurized gun only). Secure the hopper (basin) onto the top of the drywall hopper gun, then attach the gun assembly and air hose to the air compressor. Add the texture mix to the hopper. Dec 26, 2013 · HILTEX 31229 Air Texture Gun with 1. 1. Apr 1, 2010 · As mud is used up, the pressure reduces. com. Air Flow Valve, Flow Control, Pressure Relief Valve. About Us AR750 Air Gun Attachment (Fits only the TG150 Hand Pump Texture Gun) Jan 20, 2015 · By following these tips and tricks for applying drywall texture using a hopper gun, you’re sure to get a long-lasting and unique interior surface. Most texture guns will need to be attached to an air compressor via an air hose to apply texture to walls and ceilings. It can spray most liquid dry wall materials from joint cement, ceiling acoustics, wall texture, splatter, semi-fog or any such material that will feed through the hopper. A reduced air flow will produce a coarser texture, a greater air flow will produce a finer texture. (45. Each time you increase the pressure, the pattern will get wider and the dots at the edges of the pattern will get smaller. The large capacity hopper holds 1. Drywall knife or trowel: An 18” length is recommended. NOTICE Use RTX 1500 non-bleeder texture gun 248091. Air Compressors for Spraying Texture Reviews. Kit. It has a 1-piece body with a comfortable grip and on-gun flow control. It can also be used for applying decking surface, fireproofing and water-proofing materials. Operation, Parts. 5 cfm @ 90 psi. (Volume of air pressure per cubic foot). Test spray pattern on cardboard. Homax ® Texture Gun & Hopper is a professional grade texture tool that applies interior wall texture and ceiling texture. Let us know how your project goes! May 26, 2017 · Goplus 1. 32 Gallon Hopper, 3 Nozzles: 4. Texture Spray Gun. lacotexture. Sharpshooter 1 Texture Sprayer Hopper Gun. Included 5-liter hopper holds dry mix textures or pre-mixed textures. Fill hopper with texture mix. Model: 248093 bleeder, use with GTX Texture Sprayers. Use this spraying dis-tance for most applications. Features: For use with the Homax manual and pneumatic guns (#4205, #4405P and #4610) Easy to assemble and attach directly onto texture guns. Only 17 left in stock - order soon. 125 psi (8. by. Then a little practice and balancing of pressure and trigger pull. New HYDE 09980 Air Texture Hopper Gun Professional Quality Hand Held Gravity Flo 120 V TexSpray FastFinish Pro w/Pressure Boosted Gun Compressor. 5mm, and 2. Largest 17-Gallon (64 Liter) Capacity Hopper. 58 Gallon (6 L) Straight If needed, slowly close gun air control valve until you get a good spray pattern. 7. 5 CFM. Step 2: Unplug power cord. Sprays most gravity-fed texture materials. Given that this is the smallest spray gun, it is the best spray gun for small compressor. Get free shipping on qualified Air Flow Valve Texture Sprayers products or Buy Online Pick Up in Store today in the Paint Department. 0mm, Air Hopper Spray Gun, Perfect for Orange Peel, Stucco Mud, Knockdown, Popcorn Ceiling dummy Joywayus Air Hopper Spray Gun with 4. To save time with texture spraying and avoid pattern inconsistencies, use a continuous-flow air supply system that provides a consistent, high CFM air supply at a lower pressure (below 50 psi) throughout the entire job. 6. (524) $119. 35: Maximum Sound Pressure Level (dB(A)) 82: Maximum Tip Size (in) 0. These types of guns are great for thicker and heavier coatings, but they require more air pressure than a gravity feed gun. Save these instructions. Makita MAC5200 3. The controlled spray pattern produces uniform coverage, consistent droplets and less overspray. It’s got everything you need for any drywall job, from adjustable fan patterns to easy-to-clean nozzles explicitly designed for different paint or texture materials. Too often, only atomization pressure requirements are considered when both pressure and volume are critical to the proper operation of a spray gun. AIR POWERED TEXTURE GUN WITH LARGE CAPACITY: With a 1. 1: Maximum Sound Pressure Level (dB(A)) 82: Maximum Tip Size (in) 0. Paint Sprayers Product Type. Most spray texture guns require a PSI of at least 40-60, so it is important to choose an air compressor with a PSI rating that List. 3 out of 5 stars 2,662 Spray acoustics, drywall, glitter, waterproofing and other gravity flow materials. You’ll find it best to start at the top of a wall and gradually work your way down to the Apr 9, 2023 · Set your air compressor to 100 pounds, and you’ll be in good shape. Price was around $60-$70 from what I remember. Put on your mask, safety goggles and cap. Easy cleanup and removal with no-tools. 0mm, Drywall Texture Sprayer for Stucco Mud or Popcorn on Walls and Ceiling, Knockdown, Spray Gun with Handle dummy Drywall Painting Sprayer Air Hopper Spray Gun with 4. Use steady motion for proper consistency. Bon Tool. EZ-PRO TEXTURE. About Us AR750 Air Gun Attachment (Fits only the TG150 Hand Pump Texture Gun) 2. One big advantage of gasoline-powered equipment is their performance, which is generally higher than electric powered units, and at a lower comparable cost. 2 cm) from surface. Apr 28, 2024 · List of Best Compressor for Drywall Texturing. There are also 3 nozzles of different sizes for choice which make it a perfect choice for hopper spray gun. It is easier to remove plug if gun is triggered. The CTG8 Air Texture Gun is a high capacity unit designed for large surface coverage, handling most textured wall and ceiling finishes. Durable, User-Friendly Spraying. Adjust air valve for desired texture. Too high, and you risk overspray and a rough texture; too low, and the paint may not atomize effectively. Hiltex 31229 Pneumatic Air Texture Spray Gun is an effective product for unprofessional painters. Fluid Control Valve air valve. Most texture guns require between 40 and 60 PSI to spray small- to medium-sized texture effectively. Oct 14, 2006 · Mix water into the mud, you might be surprised at how much. Jan 5, 2023 · This texture gun with air pressure comes with quality parts explicitly engineered for various applications such as wallpapering and drywall texturing jobs. Starting in a corner along an edge, orient the TEXTURE-PRO® 200 so the Spray Tip is 18" below and pitched at a 45 degree angle. 89MPa) Maximum Fluid Working Pressure Model: 248093 bleeder, use with GTX Texture Sprayers 125 psi (8. When choosing the right hopper gun, there are a multiple options and a few key elements to consider. This air powered texture gun requires a standard 20 gallon twin cylinder air compressor capable of producing 8. Connect air hose to gun. My cheapee home compressor came with a 3/8″ hose. Most HVLP spray guns will use up 10-14 scfm (air volume) at 40 psi. 3. Opens in a new Apr 6, 2005 · HILTEX 31229 Air Texture Gun with 1. Use of the 4 nozzles and 5-spray pattern orifice plate gives a total of 20 different As pressure decreases, the pattern will become coarse, reaching a splat- ter texture at about 5-10 PSI. 0mm/6. iu gd pr ug fd dz zr gv nl ie