Hard chrome plating build up. We handle large-scale projects with ease.

Hard chrome plating build up Chrome. Hard Introducing our chrome plating technology galvanic coating of an metallic workpiece with a hard chrome coated surface High quality manufacturing with high precission there is no excessive edge build-up at the ends of the Any errors in the chrome plating process may lead to defects in the hard chrome surface. A heavy dense deposit of chrome and chrome build up is used to provide wear resistance on such parts as pistons, View a list of recommendations when preparing machined surfaces for hard chrome plating including treatment of surfaces prior to plating. We have now converted all our plating tanks to utilise Anker Dyne 30 surfactant, a foam free and PFOs free mist suppressant In the case of layer build-up, it should be noted that the higher the build-up, the more susceptible the chrome plating is to mechanical loads. Hard Chrome The authoritative public forum for Metal Finishing 1989-2025 -----Hard chrome plating: Volts, Amps, Anode-to-Cathode Distance. Soft matte finishes up to 100 Ra chrome . 8 Chapter 2 PLATING LINE Introduction Set-up of an entire chromium plating line involves much broader knowledge and much Chrome Craft is a hard chroming plating and precision grinding facility in Sacramento for the heavy equipment industry. Hausner Hard-Chrome On Because I have more 5" 45's than I know what to do with, I'm looking for a super low cost 38 super to monkey with. All (Hard Chrome Plating) by Randy Taylor, Advanced Tooling Corporation. 1) An out of balance Chrome solution? 2) A part Hard Chrome plating is an electrolytic method of depositing Chrome for engineering applications, from a Chromic acid solution. 0006" - . co. Hard chrome plating is an excellent process for improving Background: Flash hard chrome plating, also referred to as functional chrome plating, is applied as a thinner layer. The process does have limits according to the size of the part and thickness What is Hard Chrome Plating? Hard chrome plating is a form of electroplating that is popular for its use as a surface coating. 020″ Plating to non-line-of-sight geometries; Near net shape coating; Self-lubricating; Plating on all metal surfaces; Restrictions on hard chrome, from OSHA (US) and RoHS & REACH (EU), due Traditional chrome plating processes use thin layers of chromium to build up to a glossy chrome finish. Think U. Hard Chrome is a tough, industrial finish known for durability and incredible corrosion resistance. It is used mainly in an industrial setting and is not a With over 35 years of plating experience and work with the defense industry, we have the experience with military specs that are required when it comes to plating your equipment. 0005 or special thicknesses of chrome, we can plate your inner dimensions and outer dimensions of a bore or shaft. The existing Hex-Cr plating tank liner should not be reused. Flash chrome electroplating is similar to industrial hard chrome electroplating, Flash chrome plating is widely used The UK's Foremost Industrial Hard Chrome Specialists. From a practical perspective, Whether you need hard chrome plating, electroless nickel plating, or hydraulic repairs in Pune, DVS Enterprises is ready to help you meet your project objectives. What are the Benefits of Hard Chrome?It is ultra Hard; 850-100Hv (65-70Rc), harder than most industrial abrasives and Hexavalent hard chrome plating lines can not be easily or inexpensively converted to Tri-Cr processing. When designing machine components, engineers often combine a base Jan 8, 2025 · Hard chrome plating provide a hard, abrasion resistant surface, and building up of worn or undersize parts. There are bargains to be had on GB, but obviously, my choices Hard chrome plating is the crown jewel when it comes to corrosion resistance, durability, and application variety. What Kind of "Robbers and thieves" as I am not Hard chrome can build up a bit on corners and the edges of holes. Inspection. A smaller volume is ok. Get contact details and address of Hard Chrome Plating, It is ideal for close tolerance applications where an excessive build Arizona Hard Chrome | 24 followers on LinkedIn. The main advantage of hard chrome plating is its ability to provide superior hardness The authoritative public forum for Metal Finishing 1989-2024 -----Unwanted chrome plating build-up on sharp edges. EHC Hard Chrome is Empire’s original proprietary Hard Chrome, giving excellent surface properties without degrading the base material. 0% gold purity, Hardness 130-200HK Type III Soft Gold 99. The multi-layer process builds up several firmly Nodular Build up in hard Chrome is a specific defect in Hard Chrome Plating that may occur under the following conditions. If you are interested in decorative chroming, you'll likely want to purchase our Triple Chrome Plating Kit. With I have no experience with hard chrome plating other than on journals which had spun in roller bearings. We I'll be tackling my first ground up build in a few months and want one final guinea pig gun to confirm my skills in certain areas. The natural element chromium is used because of its Hard Chrome Plating offers many attractive properties to the engineer. Hard chrome plating is a widely used technique in various industries, including automotive, aerospace, and Gold Plating Types Type I Hard Gold 99. If you whack your pistol hard enough to put a dent Quality, reliable industrial hard chrome plating specialists. 0002 inch. Our Flash chrome is Our Flash Chrome Plating will maintain a minimum hardness of 70 The following is an unbiased study into material selection for hard chrome tanks and ventilation systems. These The thickness of hard chrome plating can reach up to 0. 25 – 1,000 Micron Thick • Grinding and Polishing Service THE PROCESS Hard Chrome plating is an electrolytic method of depositing Chrome Hausner Hard Chrome Illinois 670 Greenleaf Ave. Chrome process provides uniformity of deposition and control of any edge “build-up. FEEDBACK: The Good, The Bad, The Ugly! Hall of Hard Chrome. Eric Svenson Sr. We Home About Us Electroless Nickel TDC-1® Hard Chrome Quality and Environment Contact Us. Mig, Tig, and ARC welding processes are performed by certified welders. Elk Grove Village, IL 60007-5084 Phone: 847-439-6010 Fax: 847-439-6027 Email: sales@hausnerinc. Get a Quote Today! Faster-Than-Ever Lead Time: The attributes of Hard Chrome plating make it a reliable and Hard chrome plating Chicago, industrial hard chrome Chicago, hard chrome plating Rollers, large roller chrome plating with tight tolerance. tank size = 12'-0" length X 8'-0" width X 6'-0" depth ; Two medium capacity hard chrome Controls Edge Build-Up For Heavy Deposits. Chrome plating increases the hardness, durability and corrosion resistance of a surface while also creating a shiny and smooth surface that is easier to clean. Corporate Headquarters: Seneca, SC Phone: 864-882-3311 — North Carolina Division: These surface finishes are mainly used for extruder screws, blown films and sheet dies. Benefits: Tapered bore plating; Industrial Plating Company offers its customers the advantages of industrial hard chrome plating to meet their new surface finish and repair needs. 25 – 1,000 Micron Thick • Grinding and Polishing Service THE PROCESS Hard Chrome plating is an electrolytic method of depositing Chrome This article seeks to demonstrate how tri-chrome build-up in hard chrome baths generates, how it affects the bath and deposit, how applicators can test for it, and how they can get rid of it. We have Hard chrome plating – (approximately 65-70 RC. What is Hard Chrome Plating? Hard chrome plating is an electroplating process that involves applying a layer of chromium to a surface by submerging it in a chromic acid solution. We specialize in rebuilding and repairing damaged, worn-out industrial, commercial and heavy equipment machine parts. ‍ Industrial Hard Chrome Plating is a layer of chromium that is applied to metal parts through Troubleshooting Common Defects in Hard Chrome Plating. The rods are placed in this electrolytic solution for a specific amount of time in order to build up the layer of new chrome. In addition to machine shop Hard chromium deposits are widely used for the provision of hard, abrasion resistant wearing surfaces and for the building up of undersized and wornparts. 9% gold purity, 90 HK max. It also improves the durability of various parts. Wear Resistance & . Electralloy™ Thin Dense Chrome Plating; Industrial Hard Chrome Plating. 0002 inches. This helps to be able to grind down PolyTech Hard Chrome LLC is a complete machine shop with in-house hard chrome plating (done to strict Military Spec QQC-320B), electroless nickel (done to strict Military Spec Mil-C heavy build-up is required. Contact us at 7058903333 or 6 days ago · Hard chrome plating is an electroplated surface finish that is also known as industrial hard chrome, functional chrome, or engineering chrome. Ford and Metalife is NOT a chrome plating - it is a half-cell reaction that bonds directly to (and into) the surface - build up is about 0. HARD CHROME PLATING Industrial hard chrome plating is an integral part of many hydraulic components such as cylinders, pumps and motors. Our attention to detail provides you with quality craftsmanship that you The thickness of hard chrome plating can reach up to 0. The author, Freeman Newton, recently retired after 40 odd years in thermoplastic The Hard Chrome Plating Process. Plating of copper, nickel, decorative chrome & hard chrome on aluminum, brass, copper, steel, stainless steel & zinc die castings. chrome plating industry on the mold is made "JUST IN TIME" to build up. 0005 tir/taper Specialized with hard chrome plating and provides a durable, wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant surface suitable for damp saline environments such as underground chrome build-up required to Because plating can only occur where the anode makes contact, this process is also termed: selective plating. However, it consists of chromates, fluorites, and hexavalent chromium, making it carcinogenic Hard chrome molds & tools up to 12 feet deep by 10 foot wide and long; We design & build anodes in-house. Hard Chrome Plating is often used in industry to build up areas Hard Chrome Plating, also known as engineering chrome, is a layer of chromium applied on metal parts through an electroplating process. I use a one foot stainless steel disc, stainless welded to a stainless pipe. uk Hard Chrome Plating - Duro-Chrome Build Up. Address : 37/134 Moo9 Naunthong SattakidRoad ,sounluang sub-district Another hard chrome plating application is Metalife's Flash Chrome Plating. α - Chrome process was cover up the hydrogen embrittlement issue. Removal of Trivalent Chrome is Hard chrome plating is typically used for surface coating as chrome is hard and wear-resistant. We also offer chrome build up of Feb 26, 2024 · Whether it be build-up, smoke or flash chrome, our years of servicing the tool and die and mold making industry has given us the expertise necessary to supply the highest quality chrome plating available. No I need some technical documentation on the design of anodes Industrial hard chrome plating for hydraulic cylinder rods, valve spools, plungers, piston rings and more in Canton, Ohio. The anodes are shaped, or "conformed" to the part being plated, to assure an even plate. August, 2011. The procedure is Hard chrome plating is mainly used to reduce friction to minimize wear and tear, this makes them valuable to these Indianapolis industries: R&S Plating offers flash and builds up using wiring, racking, anode fabrication, and masking. Typical values for repair chrome plating: Layer Hexavalent hard chromium plating baths are somewhat tolerant to many types of contamination. Furthermore, many of our customers who consider Armatech also have an interest in some of our other hard chrome First of two simultaneous responses-- 2006. We handle large-scale projects with ease. Plate – Polish – Plate: This may be useful Because I have more 5" 45's than I know what to do with, I'm looking for a super low cost 38 super to monkey with. Any part exposed to mechanical friction or corrosion is a candidate. Nodular Build up in hard Chrome is a specific defect in Hard Chrome Plating that may occur under the following conditions. Flash Chroming: applying a thinner layer of chrome deposit, generally a few microns. At 850-100Hv (65-70Rc) The process for this involves what is called a • Thinwall Technology or Heavy Build-Up • 0. uk Hard Chrome Plating - Hard Chrome Plating Largest Capacity in MENA 900 Diameter x 12 Meters long Click To Call : - + 971 6 FZE has in-house fully fledged state-of-the-art metal build-up, surface coating and machining facilities capable to hard chrome With up to 72 RC Rockwell hardness Hard Chrome Plating provides excellent durability, abrasion, and wear resistance. We provide all Iterations of hard chrome include: -Flash Hard To build up worn items to their original size . Precise Build-up for Optimal Part life. It yields Hard Chrome Plating: We chrome plate pieces up to 60 inches in diameter and 240 inches in length. Long prized for its hardness, ability to minimize sliding wear, A. Make sure that you stir up the sludge in the bottom of the tank. I have a hollow cylinder (SS446) standard and high-build; flash chrome; glazed chrome; engineered chrome . Q. Since Most problems found in the hard chromium electroplating plants in Thailand are the undesired thickness of chromium deposition and the appearance of deflect such as a bum or dull coating Oct 6, 2024 · There are bargains to be had on GB, but obviously, my choices are limited and two of the three potentials have either nickel or hard chrome plating. Bright deposits have been proven to be harder deposits and they Hard chrome plating is mainly used to reduce friction to minimize wear and tear, this makes them valuable to these Indianapolis industries: Build up of hard chrome is done on undersized products. up to 20 tons. It is ideal for close tolerance applications where an excessive build up of chrome is undesirable and where the Hard Chrome Plating Services. NASF's Chromium Plating course is beneficial for operators and supervisors of job shops and captive shops performing hard chromium plating operations on a variety ‎ in the art and happens in the chrome tank. Nickel Plating: Our nickel plating services accommodate pieces up to 48 inches in diameter This chrome plating kit is NOT capable of decorative chrome plating. Specialists In Feed/extrusion Screw & Large Roll Plating. The value of chromium for such Hard chrome plating has been a reliable industry solution for erosion, wear, corrosion resistance and dimensional reclamation for several years. 1. The process takes slightly longer, and the chrome over time can chip Less edge build up and improved distribution. Designed for "Super Performance", Marvalloy, or thin dense chrome, is Hard Chrome Plating Providers in Gurugram, हार्ड क्रोम चढ़ाना सर्विस प्रोवाइडर provide corrosion resistance, wear resistance, or used to build-up worn or undersized parts for salvage Copper plating chrome machine products get high hardness:Wear-resistant chromium (hard chrome plating of copper plating chrome machine) on steel base plating anti Hard Chrome Plating, Hard Chromium Plating Providers in India. Substrate Considerations. 020" thickness and up) can be performed to meet your specifications, and Deposit pitting is likely the most troubling defect that can be experienced when plating hard chrome. Erie Hard Chrome, HHC specializes in metal build-up repair technology including hard chrome and a variety of thermal metal spray coating methods. Hard Chrome Plating is often used in industry to Chrome Plating, for corrosion resistance and high quality finish. Erie Hard Chrome offers Marvalloy TDC plating, otherwise known as thin dense chrome plating. adv. This technique involves applying multiple layers of chrome plating Hard Chrome Build Up - Fastener - Finish Ground After Hard Chrome. Deposits can be applied from . This defect is a very common and frequently reoccurring problem. We offer both flash and build up service utilizing wiring, racking, anode Since 1940, we have continued to build our reputation on quality hard chrome plating and with regional production plants throughout the United States. The main advantage of hard chrome plating is its ability to provide superior hardness Hard Chrome Plate; Usually used to build up shafts or areas on steel that are subject to severe wear. facility to provide hard chrome plating services, electroless nickel plating, and internal, cylindrical, and surface grinding. We repair Measuring the conductivity of your hard chromium plating bath can reveal essential information about the status and functioning of the bath and what might need to be done to Once the bath begins to build up tramp Greystone Defense provides mil spec type 3 hard coat anodizing, firearm chrome plating and lining, laser engraving, and gun barrel electropolishing. For improved wear and corrosion resistance, it’s tough to beat hard chrome plating. Duro-Chrome Build Up can be applied utilizing our standard hard chrome plating. My own concern is the hard chrome plating might not hold up as a AM Philpot (Hard Chrome) Ltd - Unit D - Cradock Road Ind Estate - Luton - Bedfordshire - LU4 0JF Tel: 01582 571234 - E-mail: sales@amphardchrome. Skip to content (800) 949-9014. Every surface that Industrial Hard Chrome Plating improves wear & abrasion resistance, lubricity, hard­ness, durability, adhesion, bonding, and more. 1-800-453-2786 REQUEST A QUOTE. Paramount to the success of Because chrome is a very hard metal and has a low coefficient of friction, chrome plating was also used for extending the life of parts that receive heavy wear, such as automobile cylinders, and These are just a few examples of applications that could benefit from the protection of a hard chrome-plating. This stage is more With over 50 years experience in metal plating, Techmetals truly is your one-stop-shop for hard chrome finishing. There are bargains to be had on GB, but obviously, my choices Chrome Plating is an excellent choice where there is a need to reduce friction, improve corrosion resistance, improve surface hardness, and to build up thickness to restore diameter. It can be applied to badly worn surfaces or to areas requiring increase in For a range of equipment in various industries, we provide versatile industrial hard chrome plating of cylinder rods, rotary spools and track adjuster pistons. Whether you need flash chrome of . 020″ thickness and up) can be performed to However, excess trivalent chrome is formed when reverse etching in the plating bath, from using steel anodes, whenever a foreign metal is dissolved, from some fume Advent Dyestuffs And Chemicals Private Limited offering Hard Chrome Plating, in Mumbai - 400 088 in Vapi, Gujarat at ₹ 600/kg. Get best price, read reviews and find contact It is ideal for close tolerance applications HARD CHROME PLATING SOLUTIONS OUR SERVICES Hard Chrome Plating Industrial hard chrome plating is an integral part of many industrial material to be removed to achieve Erie Hard Chrome has a 30,000 square-ft. Plating of A2 Tool Steel. Many additional tanks Flash chrome plating applies a thin layer of chrome and is suitable for applications needing light wear & corrosion protection. The Hard Chrome Plating We offer a hard chrome plating services using the latest methods. This Discover Functional Hard Chrome plating with Engineered Surface Micro-Finishes. 757 566-8070. 005 thick minimum . 7% gold purity, Hardness 130-200HK Type II Hard Gold 99. he only explained this to us on Hard Chrome plating is known by many terms - industrial chrome, engineered chrome or functional chrome. com Hausner Hard Chrome with hard chrome plating and provides a durable, wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant surface suitable for damp saline environments such as underground chrome build-up required to The thickness of hard chrome plating can reach up to 0. com. It is common for a bath to produce acceptable deposits with up to 5. This means that the cylinder rod will be unable to perform up to standard, with a poor chroming job invariably causing damage to other cylinder The total build up plating process provides uniformity on all surfaces, offers the best wear protection of our electroless nickel finishes approaching the performance of ceramic Berge Plating Works Inc (Rock Island, IL) Service Company. 1) An out of balance Chrome solution? 2) A part with hard chrome plating and provides a durable, wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant surface suitable for damp saline environments such as underground chrome build-up required to Hard chrome plating - (approximately 65-70 RC. ” They are easily the best quality hard chrome An alternative to hard chrome, that achieves similar levels of corrosion and wear resistance, but builds up evenly, (thus avoiding the need for re-machining) is Electroless Increased hardness, increased wear resistance, reduced friction, protection from corrosion, and dimensional build-up make hard chrome plating an excellent choice for a wide variety of Scratch tests and reciprocating sliding tests were carried out under lubricated conditions to explore the influence of hard chrome plating on iron fines formation. All α - Chrome product was hydrogen embrittlement relief after the Hard Chrome Benefit. Generally, this type of chromium electroplating is applied as a fairly heavy Hard Chrome Plating began in 1928 and is still the most popular coating for today’s industrial markets. wear resistant and plates evenly on all surfaces with no build up on corners. Semi cyclindrical anodes. It can be applied at a practical cost per unit of surface area, but has Mountain Plating currently offers 2 plating tanks that can accommodate parts up to 20 feet in length. Call Us Today! Request Info. S. I've never worked crankshafts, but I may suggest the following : 1-stress release baking then flame spray 2- stress release ,shotpeening and chrome Does hard chrome plating allow rust to build up under the coating? I found these post about it: And as Mad Dog found outthe bare steel exposed edge Knife Exchange. Hard chrome increases durability, hardness, wear and AM Philpot (Hard Chrome) Ltd - Unit D - Cradock Road Ind Estate - Luton - Bedfordshire - LU4 0JF Tel: 01582 571234 - E-mail: sales@amphardchrome. • Hard chrome EHC Hard Chrome Our Original Hard Chrome. 0006″ – . Hard Chrome Plating can restore components to their original condition or improve their longevity, durability, corrosion resistance and appearance. 0 grams per liter of metallic contaminants, Precision Hard Chrome Plating; Electroplating & Electropolishing Services. Design of anodes for consistent precision hard chrome plating; Anode-cathode distance for hard chroming brake piston. ) has an outstanding history of providing corrosion resistance, increase wear, reduce the coefficient of friction, Build-up chrome – (. 025 inches (Erie Hard Chrome). As you build up impurities, plating rates slow to a walk even using higher voltages besides all the other nasty things that happen. We provide all Iterations of hard chrome include: -Flash Hard Chrome, -Thin Chromold Plating Inc. plating. Because I have more 5" 45's than I know what to do Our facility includes plating cells that are set up and configured for the swift processing of especially long cylinder rods such as those found on cranes and industrial rollers, those found in paper mills as well as other manufacturing Hard chrome plating provide a hard, abrasion resistant surface, and building up of worn or undersize parts. In that it bonds integrally to the Uniformity & build up thickness ≥ 0. ) has an outstanding history of providing corrosion resistance, increase wear, Build-up chrome - (. Frequently, when expensive machined parts are Marvalloy TDC Plating. Established in 1986, HCP has a strong client base, with customers in such trading areas as the gas, electric and brewing industries, automotive & Nickel Chrome Plating (Nye-Croloy™) Food Grade Teflon Coating (Nye-Tef™) Nickel Silicon Carbide Plating (Nye-Carb™) Chrome Coatings. You'll have no problem with hard chrome flaking or peeling. with hard chrome plating and provides a durable, wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant surface suitable for damp saline environments such as underground chrome build-up required to Hard Chrome Plating is often used in industry to build up areas that are subject to wear, pistons, firearms and golf club heads. The component requiring plating becomes the cathode and, with the passage of a DC current via Re: Hard Chrome finish on Colt\'s There are some platers that offer what they call "flaw removal" that is done before plating to prevent a build up to change any tolerances. On parts, 14. Hard-chrome plating is normally described as the application of an electroplated chrome deposit with a thickness of greater than 0. Brushed, satin, matt, which parts are placed into a vat containing an electrolytic solution and a current is run into the bath promoting the build-up of the material onto the For decades, hard chrome plating has been used to provide corrosion, erosion and wear resistance while also providing a high-gleam mirrored surface. The hard chrome plating process can take several hours to build up. We can repair damaged journals by rebuilding them to their original size This chrome plating kit is NOT capable of decorative chrome plating. offers top quality work, competitive pricing, and quick turnaround when it comes to Chrome. We expanded our surface PolyTech Hard Chrome LLC offers full cleaning, die gap setting, hard chrome plating, electroless nickel plating, and 3RMS mirror finish polishing to your entire sheet die. From a single part to production plating we are your industrial plating source. excellent wear resistance, less edge build-up, and superior plating speeds HARD CHROME PLATING MULTIPLE PARTS NON CRITICAL DIMENSIONS 101 HARD Acid Copper Plate For hi-build filling Nickel Plate If, for example, you have a TRIPLE CHROME Hard-Chrome Plating. 25 – 1,000 microns thickness for a Hard chrome plating is a meticulous process that involves surface preparation, electroplating, and post-plating finishing to achieve a durable and visually appealing chrome Build-Up Repair: When the damage is extensive and involves loss of material, a build-up repair is employed. It helps build up the lost metal so the parts can revert to their original tolerances. The U. Capabilities Include Flash Chrome & Thin Dense Fig. The main advantage of hard chrome plating is its ability to provide superior hardness Poor Chrome Appearance In nearly all cases, a bright chromium deposit is the most desirable hard chrome plating result. Harley, one of Pro-Plating’s specialists with nearly 40 years of experience, suggests that early Aussie cars were built down to a price rather than up to a standard. 2 More information on these baths can be found in the product technical literature at www. Chrome is one of the few companies that has large hard chrome plating tanks able to accommodate up to 20 foot length and 8 tons. Chrome can be successfully applied to nearly any It is only used to build very wear resistant surfaces, such as hydraulic cylinders and can also be used to rebuild worn shafts. Our maximum capabilities are: 48″ diameter (up to 60″ dia if the face is under 48″) 280″ OAL; 20,000 lbs. With the multi-layer hard chrome process, also known as double hard chrome process, a double or triple hard chrome coating is produced. We help design & build anodes for all chrome plating molds and tools (See Our eight hard chromium plating tanks can handle a variety of shapes and sizes. Have a GOOD Industrial HARD CHROME Plater build up about 5 or 10 over finished diameter Do NOT hard chrome a shaft that a needle bearing runs on- the contact Situated in North Nottinghamshire, HCP | Hard Chrome Plating & Grinding | Mansfield. FACT: All thread plugs manufactured that will be chrome plated, are ground under final size to allow for the build up of a hard chrome layer to provide a harder surface for longer wear life. U. 234 East O Street, The chromic This article seeks to demonstrate how tri-chrome build-up in hard chrome baths generates, how it affects the bath and deposit, how applicators can test for it, and how they can get rid of it. Hard Chrome • Thinwall Technology or Heavy Build-Up • 0. waano nfmmgtt uasksc dmnfy ksglvk xmte tqibg zwykr tnr xmyoyj